{"id":483576,"date":"2025-08-06T11:41:18","date_gmt":"2025-08-06T11:41:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.financialafrik.com\/en\/2025\/08\/06\/the-withdrawal-of-french-banks-from-africa-a-symptom-of-a-multipolar-world-in-recomposition\/"},"modified":"2025-08-06T11:41:28","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T11:41:28","slug":"the-withdrawal-of-french-banks-from-africa-a-symptom-of-a-multipolar-world-in-recomposition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.financialafrik.com\/en\/2025\/08\/06\/the-withdrawal-of-french-banks-from-africa-a-symptom-of-a-multipolar-world-in-recomposition\/","title":{"rendered":"The withdrawal of French banks from Africa: a symptom of a multipolar world in recomposition"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n

By Junior MBUYI – International financial expert, founder of JPG Consulting Partners<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

While banking rates remain historically low on the continent, French banks are gradually withdrawing from the African market. Is this a simple strategic readjustment or an indicator of a deeper geopolitical shift? The essential question remains: who will finance Africa tomorrow, at a time when Europe is disengaging and China is boldly advancing its pieces?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. A now structural withdrawal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since 2023, announcements have been following one after the other like dominoes. Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale is selling or considering selling most of its African subsidiaries (Morocco, Chad, Congo, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Mauritania…). BNP Paribas, already in retreat since 2015, has confirmed its disengagement from West Africa. Cr\u00e9dit Agricole and BPCE have also significantly reduced their presence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This retreat is not a temporary accident: it is part of a deliberate strategy to refocus on so-called core markets, considered more profitable, more mature, and better regulated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Economic rationality… revealing a systemic bias<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Several objective factors explain this movement:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Margins deemed insufficient in relation to perceived risk: despite sometimes attractive gross returns, the weight of defaults, currency volatility, and political uncertainties affect net profitability.
\u2022 Increasingly stringent prudential standards: Basel III, AML-CFT, KYC\/CRS requirements… Compliance is costly, especially in unstable or low-income environments.
\u2022 A de-risking logic: faced with reputational risks or extraterritorial sanctions, some banks prefer to exit rather than manage a complex portfolio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But this disengagement goes beyond accounting logic. It weakens African banking systems, breaks trade financing chains (correspondent banking), and reduces financing opportunities for SMEs. It embodies a strategic and normative withdrawal of the West, at a time when Africa is entering a new phase of growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. An African paradox: withdrawal from a high-potential market<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The timing is puzzling. While:
\u2022 less than 45% of the population is banked (sometimes less than 20% in some countries),
\u2022 nearly 70% of transactions are still conducted in cash,
\u2022 the population is young, urban, connected, with growing needs (savings, credit, housing, education, digital),<\/p>\n\n\n\n

… Western banks are throwing in the towel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In other words: Africa remains one of the last major banking markets to conquer, but now it is other actors who are interested.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Geopolitical recomposition: finance becomes multipolar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This European withdrawal is part of a broader global dynamic. In a world in recomposition, finance follows geopolitical fault lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While Western banks reduce their exposure, Chinese, Arab, or African institutions are advancing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 ICBC, China’s largest bank, is a strategic shareholder of Standard Bank, a major pan-African player.
\u2022 China Exim Bank and China Development Bank are heavily financing infrastructure projects in exchange for sovereign guarantees or privileged access to resources.
\u2022 Chinese commercial banks are involved in trade finance and cross-financing within Chinese business consortia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Their advantage?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Fewer extraterritorial regulatory constraints (AML, OFAC, etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. A long-term influence logic, embedded in Chinese geo-economic strategy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Result: where Europe withdraws, China advances, secures assets, and weaves structural alliances in the most strategic sectors (cobalt, lithium, copper…).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5. An opportunity window for African actors<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    This withdrawal is not a void, but an opportunity window. Several African banks have understood this well:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u2022 Vista Bank has acquired several subsidiaries of Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9rale (Guinea, Chad, Burkina Faso).
    \u2022 Coris Bank International, a dynamic player in the UEMOA, continues its expansion.
    \u2022 Attijariwafa Bank (Morocco), Access Bank (Nigeria), Ecobank, UBA, and BGFI capitalize on this recomposition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    These groups share three strengths:
    \u2013 a better understanding of local realities,
    \u2013 technological agility,
    \u2013 and a strong pan-African strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6. Building African financial sovereignty: three levers<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    To turn this transition into a strategic advantage, three pillars must be consolidated:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    a) Digital innovation<\/strong>
    \u2022 Accelerate mobile money, neobanks, algorithmic credit;
    \u2022 Integrate local fintechs into formal banking ecosystems;
    \u2022 Create interoperable regional platforms (clearing, payments, trade finance).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    b) Strengthening pan-African banks<\/strong>
    \u2022 Encourage regional consolidation;
    \u2022 Promote South-South cooperation (Morocco-Sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria-CEMAC…);
    \u2022 Facilitate access to regional capital markets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    c) The strategic role of States<\/strong>
    \u2022 Establish appropriate but robust regulations;
    \u2022 Develop public guarantee instruments (credit funds, co-financing with DFIs);
    \u2022 Adopt a banking industrial policy focused on SME financing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    7. Conclusion: time to define our own rules of the game<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The withdrawal of French banks from Africa should not be seen as a decline, but as a necessary wake-up call.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    It obliges us to:
    \u2022 break free from inherited financial dependence,
    \u2022 understand the multipolar world,
    \u2022 and lay the foundations for pan-African banking sovereignty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Because the real issue is not who finances Africa, but who sets the financial rules of the game on the continent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The time has come to write them ourselves.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    By Junior MBUYI – International financial expert, founder of JPG Consulting Partners While banking rates remain historically low on the continent, French banks are gradually withdrawing from the African market. Is this a simple strategic readjustment or an indicator of a deeper geopolitical shift? 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