{"id":471359,"date":"2021-05-21T12:44:07","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T12:44:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kapitalafrik.com\/?p=471359"},"modified":"2021-05-21T13:04:47","modified_gmt":"2021-05-21T13:04:47","slug":"corruption-in-africa-the-various-and-the-main","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.financialafrik.com\/en\/2021\/05\/21\/corruption-in-africa-the-various-and-the-main\/","title":{"rendered":"Corruption in Africa: the various and the main"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, les affaires de corruption en Afrique concernent encore d’anciens pr\u00e9sidents ou ministres g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement arr\u00eat\u00e9s lorsqu’ils descendent de l’avion \u00e0 Londres, Paris ou New York. <\/span>En plus des saisies de biens mal acquis, il y a les gels de comptes aliment\u00e9s par l’argent de la corruption qui ne revient qu’exceptionnellement et se r\u00e9percute \u00e0 la source. <\/span>Dans ce march\u00e9 juteux, les ONG jouent un bon r\u00f4le dans l’indexation des \u00c9tats africains. <\/span>Dans le sc\u00e9nario, nous avons toujours minimis\u00e9 le r\u00f4le des multinationales, ces seigneurs altruistes qui financent la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, qui la rejette sur eux avec cette exigence respectueuse et vaguement exigeante: \u00abpubliez ce que vous payez\u00bb. <\/span>En attendant, qu’en est-il des banques qui soutiennent le mouvement des fonds? <\/span>Qu’en est-il des compagnies p\u00e9troli\u00e8res qui, \u00e0 cause de la corruption, <\/span>avez pay\u00e9 des pots-de-vin? <\/span>Ces zones d’ombre du th\u00e9\u00e2tre de la corruption en Afrique viennent d’\u00eatre brutalement mises au jour par le Nig\u00e9ria, qui a traduit JP Morgan Chase devant les tribunaux britanniques, pour avoir transf\u00e9r\u00e9 875 millions de dollars en trois versements \u00e0 un ancien ministre nig\u00e9rian du p\u00e9trole. <\/span>Loin de nier les faits, la banque estime avoir agi sous les ordres de son client, en l’occurrence l’\u00c9tat nig\u00e9rian alors dirig\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident Goodluck Jonathan. <\/span>Abuja r\u00e9clame 1 milliard de dollars de dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e0 la banque am\u00e9ricaine. <\/span>l’\u00e9tat du Nig\u00e9ria alors dirig\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident Goodluck Jonathan. <\/span>Abuja r\u00e9clame 1 milliard de dollars de dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e0 la banque am\u00e9ricaine. <\/span>l’\u00e9tat du Nig\u00e9ria alors dirig\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident Goodluck Jonathan. <\/span>Abuja r\u00e9clame 1 milliard de dollars de dommages et int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e0 la banque am\u00e9ricaine.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Quant aux compagnies p\u00e9troli\u00e8res impliqu\u00e9es dans ce dossier qui concerne un bloc p\u00e9trolier de 9 milliards de barils de r\u00e9serves, elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9es en mars dernier par la justice italienne qui ne trouve rien \u00e0 leur reprocher. <\/span>Oui, Shell et ENI le font sans aucune \u00e9gratignure. <\/span>Et nous devrions, de plus, dans ce cas, agr\u00e9menter leurs services financiers et juridiques de la finesse de leurs montages financiers et de leurs montages juridiques qui leur ont fait transf\u00e9rer l’argent sur un compte public au Nig\u00e9ria auparavant. <\/span>ce compte ne transf\u00e8re pas 80% du montant sur un autre compte priv\u00e9, appartenant au ministre Dan Etate. <\/span>Ce dernier avait eu la brillante id\u00e9e, en tant que ministre du p\u00e9trole du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Sani Abacha, de reprendre le champ pour 2 millions de dollars. <\/span>Contrairement aux compagnies p\u00e9troli\u00e8res qui s’entourent de toutes les pr\u00e9cautions, lui, fier chef coutumier de sa tribu, <\/span>est en retard sur toutes les preuves du crime. <\/span>Un ch\u00e2teau et des produits de luxe en France saisis depuis 2009 suite \u00e0 sa condamnation par la cour d’appel pour blanchiment d’argent, un jet priv\u00e9 saisi au Qu\u00e9bec et retrac\u00e9 des transferts. <\/span>\u00c0 notre avis, ce patriarche africain, dont le mod\u00e8le est Jacques Chirac, n’est que la face visible de l’iceberg. <\/span>La v\u00e9ritable substance d’une affaire de corruption fait d’abord appel aux v\u00e9ritables donneurs d’ordre, m\u00eame s’ils utilisent le subterfuge pour ne pas appara\u00eetre au premier plan.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Quant \u00e0 JP Morgan, elle a accept\u00e9 de mener une op\u00e9ration qui aurait refus\u00e9 une banque \u00e9gyptienne, en l’occurrence la Bank Misr Lebanon. <\/span>Cela signifie-t-il que les r\u00e8gles de conformit\u00e9 sont plus strictes sur les rives du Nil qu’aux portes de Wall Street? <\/span>Pour avoir. <\/span>En attendant un jugement sur lequel notre r\u00e9daction ne parierait pas un Eco de la CEDEAO, cette triste affaire est suffisamment claire pour signaler \u00e0 ceux des dirigeants africains qui travaillent que l’argent de la corruption cach\u00e9 en Occident finit toujours par \u00eatre saisi. <\/span>De la fortune r\u00e9elle et fantasm\u00e9e de Mobutu, qui s’\u00e9levait \u00e0 7 milliards de dollars en 1993, le double de la dette ext\u00e9rieure du Za\u00efre, au pillage de Sani Abasha, dont seulement 300 millions de dollars ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9s, en passant par les suppos\u00e9s 40 \u00e0 70 milliards de dollars de Hosni Moubarak ou encore de la fortune introuvable de Ben Ali, tout finit par se dissiper entre avocats, <\/span>juges et lobbyistes. <\/span>Les fonds ne profitent jamais \u00e0 ceux qui les ont d\u00e9tourn\u00e9s. <\/span>Une fois saisi, cet argent noir tombe presque dans le circuit. <\/span>Qu’est-ce qui devrait \u00eatre fait ?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nous pensons que l’Afrique devrait, du Cap au Caire, en intensifiant ses r\u00e9formes pour la modernisation de l’administration, d\u00e9cr\u00e9ter trois ans d’\u00e9tat de gr\u00e2ce, avec possibilit\u00e9 de distinction par l’\u00e9quivalent de la L\u00e9gion d’honneur \u00e0 tous ceux qui entreprennent rapatrier des fonds, l\u00e9gaux ou ill\u00e9gaux, dormant dans des paradis fiscaux. <\/span>Au m\u00eame titre que la Commission v\u00e9rit\u00e9 et r\u00e9conciliation d’Afrique du Sud, il faut sans esprit de vengeance, sans arri\u00e8re-pens\u00e9es et sans agenda \u00e9lectoral, mener des n\u00e9gociations vers ceux identifi\u00e9s comme ayant go\u00fbt\u00e9 au fruit d\u00e9fendu de la corruption, pour les inviter \u00e0 rapatrier leur fonds pendant qu\u2019il est encore temps. <\/span>Car t\u00f4t ou tard, le malhonn\u00eate risque de finir comme Dan Etate, en passant d’une vie riche \u00e0 celle de paria,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Jusqu’\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent, les affaires de corruption en Afrique concernent encore d’anciens pr\u00e9sidents ou ministres g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement arr\u00eat\u00e9s lorsqu’ils descendent de l’avion \u00e0 Londres, Paris ou New York. En plus des saisies de biens mal acquis, il y a les gels de comptes aliment\u00e9s par l’argent de la corruption qui ne revient qu’exceptionnellement et se r\u00e9percute \u00e0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":471361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"translated_post_url_fr":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18368,12591],"tags":[12322,2829,18367,18366],"class_list":{"0":"post-471359","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-editorial","8":"category-feature","9":"tag-africa-en","10":"tag-corruption","11":"tag-main","12":"tag-various","13":"post_format-post-format-aside","14":"pmpro-has-access"},"yoast_head":"\nCorruption in Africa: the various and the main - Financial Afrik<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Headed by Adama Wade and his team of 20 journalists, Kapital Afrik offers strategic and financial information to executives and managers. 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In the African economic press for 17 years, Adama Wade had to work in Morocco in several editors. 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